Withdrawing From Germany – Consolidating EUCOM's Combat Power

The Pentagon’s decision to withdraw several thousand troops from Germany, moving some back to the U.S. and others elsewhere in Europe, has engendered much controversy. There is, for example, good reason to argue that it does nothing to strengthen NATO’s forward presence. Yet parts of the plan certainly do make good sense. The redeployment of air assets, for example, would make U.S. presence in Europe more survivable, cost-effective, sustainable and versatile. 

There are other limitations as well. The size and location of bombing and electronic countermeasure ranges are already inadequate for the needs of the F-16, and the Air Force is in the process of replacing that fleet with F-35s, which need four times the air and range space made available by Merkel’s government.  And that’s with just one U.S. fighter squadron based there; any viable fighter wing needs three. 

The Air Force now has the fewest fighter squadrons in its history, which means those assets need to be ready to deploy to fight anywhere in the world, while somehow training replacement pilots to feed those operations.  Because of limitations of manning and low fighter mission-capable rates, a wing with a single squadron could deploy just 18 of its 24 fighters.  And, the aircraft and personnel left behind couldn’t train replacements because the equipment needed to support flight operations deploys with the 18 fighters.  By moving Spangdahlem’s single squadron to join the two squadrons at Aviano, Italy, the Air Force will actually increase its fighting and training capacity without any additional funding or aircraft.

The move to Italy won’t be cheap, but the Air Force may save even more by not executing a plan it had on the books to move the 100^th Refueling Wing and the 352^nd Special Operations Wing from Mildenhall, England, to Spangdahlem.  Unlike other countries, the U.K. has never constrained the USAF’s ability to deploy, operate or support combat operations from that island nation (think Libya Raid in 1986).   By its very nature, the 352nd Special Operations Wing flies almost exclusively at night and, proximity to the threat aside, moving them to Germany with its night restrictions never made sense.  The Air Force will actually be better for this move, as will European Command (EUCOM).

Since 1967, EUCOM headquarters has been located at Stuttgart, Germany—some 330 miles away, but EUCOM’s commander and his immediate staff at Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) in Mons, Belgium.  Secretary Esper’s direction to reduce troops based in Germany will also consolidate EUCOM into a single location, which will markedly streamline that combatant command’s efforts. 

EUCOM’s consolidation and the increased combat capacity and capability of U.S. fighter assets based in Europe are two moves that should have been made years ago.  They are the right moves to make now.

A 25-year veteran of the U.S. Air Force, John “JV” Venable is a senior research fellow in The Heritage Foundation’s Center for National Defense. James Jay Carafano is a Heritage vice president, directing the think tank’s research in matters of national security and foreign relations.